South Africaのパスポート写真

South Africa Passport Photo -- Complete Guide

The Department of Home Affairs (DHA) processes over 1.5 million passport applications per year across its network of offices and modernized branches. Since the rollout of the Smart ID Card and e-passport programme in 2023, South Africa has moved to biometric-enrolled travel documents that meet ICAO 9303 machine-readable standards. Photo compliance is enforced more strictly under this system -- the DHA's live capture stations digitally verify face geometry, and a photo that fails automated screening cannot proceed to document issuance.

The full requirements are published on dha.gov.za and apply to both the traditional green passport book and the newer 10-year biometric passport. If you are applying through a South African embassy or consulate abroad, the same photo specifications apply, though the capture method may differ. The DHA has been upgrading its systems since 2024 to reject photos with AI-generated backgrounds or digitally altered facial features.

Official Photo Requirements

Physical dimensions:

• 35 x 45 mm (413 x 531 pixels at 300 DPI)
• Head height: between 25 mm and 35 mm, measured from chin to crown
• Face must be centered horizontally in the frame

Digital specifications (online applications):

• Format: JPEG
• Minimum resolution: 600 x 600 pixels
• Maximum file size: 5 MB
• Color photo only -- no black-and-white or sepia

Background and lighting:

• Plain white background -- no cream, grey, or off-white
• No shadows on the background or face
• Even, diffused lighting from front or slightly above
• Natural skin tones -- no colour correction or filters

Expression and pose:

• Neutral expression with mouth closed and both eyes open
• Face squarely facing the camera -- no head tilt
• Full face visible from hairline to chin, ear to ear
• Both ears should be visible if possible

Clothing and accessories:

• No glasses of any kind -- prescription or sunglasses
• No hats, caps, or head coverings unless worn daily for religious observance (full face must remain visible from forehead to chin)
• No uniforms or camouflage
• No headphones or earbuds

Recency: Must be taken within the last 6 months and reflect your current appearance.

Smart ID vs Passport -- What Changes for Photos

South Africa issues two primary identity documents: the Smart ID Card (compulsory national ID) and the passport book. Both require the same 35x45mm photo specification, but the capture process differs.

Smart ID Card: Photos are captured live at DHA offices using biometric stations. You cannot bring your own printed photo for a Smart ID application -- the system captures your image, fingerprints, and signature simultaneously. The photo is taken against a controlled white backdrop at the office.

Passport book: You can bring printed photos to most DHA offices, though many modernized branches now use live capture for passports as well. If your local office still accepts printed photos, you need two identical 35x45mm prints on glossy or matte photo paper.

For online applications through the DHA eHomeAffairs portal (currently in phased rollout), you upload a JPEG that meets the specifications above.

How to Take Your South African Passport Photo at Home

Camera setup: Use any smartphone manufactured after 2018 -- the rear camera provides sufficient resolution. Place the phone on a tripod or prop it on a shelf at eye level. Stand at least 1.5 metres from the lens. Use the timer function or ask someone to take the shot.

Background: A clean white wall works best. Avoid walls with plug sockets, light switches, or picture hooks visible in the frame. If your walls are not white, pin a large sheet of white poster board or a white bedsheet behind you. Stand about 20 cm away from the wall to prevent shadows.

Lighting: South Africa has abundant natural light. Position yourself facing a large window with sheer curtains (direct sunlight causes harsh shadows). If shooting in the evening, use two desk lamps placed at 45-degree angles on either side of your face. Avoid ceiling lights as your sole source -- they create eye socket shadows that trigger rejection.

Framing: Your head, including hair, should occupy roughly 70-80% of the vertical frame. Leave a small margin above your head and below your chin. Center your face horizontally. For the 35x45mm crop, shoot slightly wider than needed -- you can crop precisely afterward.

Where to Get Passport Photos in South Africa

• Clicks -- R49.99 for a set of 4 passport photos. Available at most Clicks stores with a photo counter. Staff photograph you against a white background and print in 5-10 minutes. Reliable quality.
• Dis-Chem -- R39.99 to R49.99 for passport photos. Most branches in Gauteng, Western Cape, and KZN offer this service. Call ahead to confirm your branch has a photo station.
• PostNet -- R60-R80 depending on location. PostNet branches in malls often combine passport photos with document printing and courier services.
• Photo studios near DHA offices -- R30-R60. Independent photographers set up near busy Home Affairs offices in Pretoria, Johannesburg, Cape Town, and Durban. Quality varies -- inspect the print before leaving.
• Woolworths Photo -- R49.99 at select locations with kiosk services.
• CNA -- Some CNA branches offer printing services where you can print pre-cropped passport images for R10-R15 per 4x6 sheet.

Budget tip: Use an online passport photo tool to crop and verify your image, then print a 4x6 sheet at a Clicks or Dis-Chem photo kiosk for around R15. Cut the individual 35x45mm photos yourself -- a 4x6 print fits four passport photos.

Photos for Babies and Children

South African passports for minors follow the same 35x45mm specifications. Children under 16 require both parents' consent (or a court order) in addition to compliant photos.

Infants (under 1 year): Lay the baby on a white blanket and photograph from directly above. Eyes should be open if possible, though the DHA makes limited allowances for very young infants. No dummies, bottles, or toys. No other person visible in the frame.

Toddlers (1-5 years): Seat the child in a car seat or high chair draped with a white sheet, positioned in front of a white wall. Both eyes must be open, mouth closed. A parent can stand behind the camera to hold the child's attention.

Common Rejection Reasons

The DHA reports that roughly 15% of passport applications require photo resubmission. The leading causes:

1. Shadows on background or face -- The most frequent issue, especially from overhead-only lighting or standing too close to the wall.
2. Background not pure white -- Off-white, cream, and grey backgrounds are rejected. Patterned or textured walls fail instantly.
3. Glasses worn -- Even clear prescription lenses cause rejection under current DHA rules.
4. Head size incorrect -- Face too small (shot from too far) or too large (shot too close). The head must fill 70-80% of the vertical space.
5. Expression not neutral -- Smiling, laughing, or squinting. The biometric system needs a neutral face for facial recognition matching.
6. Photo older than 6 months -- If your appearance has changed significantly, you will be asked to retake.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I bring my own passport photos to Home Affairs? A: It depends on the branch. Modernized DHA offices with live capture stations take your photo on-site -- you cannot bring prints. Older branches and some rural offices still accept two printed 35x45mm photos. Contact your specific branch or check on eHomeAffairs.

Q: Can I wear my glasses in a South African passport photo? A: No. The DHA requires all glasses to be removed, including prescription lenses and sunglasses. This has been enforced since the Smart ID rollout.

Q: What is the difference between a Smart ID photo and a passport photo? A: Same dimensions (35x45mm) and same rules. The difference is the capture method -- Smart ID photos are always taken on-site at DHA with their biometric system. Passport photos may still be submitted as prints at certain branches.

Q: How long does passport processing take? A: Standard processing at a DHA office is 4-6 weeks for adults, though it can stretch to 8 weeks during peak periods (November-January). Smart ID cards typically take 1-2 weeks at modernized branches.

Q: Is the South African passport photo the same size as a UK passport photo? A: Yes. Both countries use the ICAO-standard 35x45mm format. However, South Africa requires a white-only background, while the UK allows light grey. South Africa also prohibits glasses entirely.

Q: Can I use a selfie for my passport application? A: Technically yes, if it meets all specifications. However, selfies typically fail due to incorrect distance, uneven lighting, and visible arm extension. Using a timer on a rear-facing camera produces far better results.